Investigation the Effect of Various Types of Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity in Patients with Type ۲ Diabetes: A Review of Literature ۲۰۱۵-۲۰۲۲

Purpose: Regular exercise prevents type ۲ diabetes and improves the health status of individuals with type ۲ diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity. This review study aimed to investigate the effect of different exercise training on insulin sensitivity.  Methods: In this study, articles were searched in Magiran, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer databases and ۱۱۵ related articles were selected based on the desired keywords. After reviewing ۱۱۵ articles, ۸۷ articles were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria that were close to the field of physical activity and diabetes. After re-examining the articles, ۲۸ articles were selected with the aim of examining exercise training in patients with type ۲ diabetes. Results: By studying the selected articles, it was concluded that aerobic training through weight loss and body fat percentage, resistance training through increasing muscle volume, intense interval training through activating adenosine monophosphate-activating protein kinase (AMPK) and combined training through Improving body composition has increased insulin sensitivity in patients with type ۲ diabetes. Conclusion: The current review indicates that aerobic, resistance, HIIT and combined exercises (with any intensity, duration and type of exercise) increase insulin sensitivity in people with type ۲ diabetes. However, it seems that combined exercises have more and more beneficial effects.

Keywords:

Type ۲ diabetes , Sports exercises , Insulin action