Comparison of Conventional Cigarette and Electronic Cigarettes on P۵۳, PTEN, and VEGF Genes Expression in Rat Kidney

Introduction: Various genetic alterations and gene expression changes are involved in the pathogenesis of kidney tumours. The P۵۳, PTEN, and VEGF gene expression pattern in rat kidney tissue exposed to conventional cigarettes and e-cigs was evaluated.Method: In the study, ۶۰ Wistar rats were categorized into three groups (۱۰): no smoke, c-cig smoke, and e-cig smoke. Three cigarette butts used daily with the suction device were exposed for ۴۰ minutes. After four months, kidney tissue was removed, tissue RNA was extracted, cDNA was made, and changes in mRNA expression of genes were evaluated by real-time PCR. Moreover, kidney biopsies were assessed for histopathological changes.Result: E-cig smoke might contribute to kidney cancer more than C-cigarette through upregulating VEGF and downregulating PTEN and P۵۳ (P-value >۰.۰۵). The effect of e-cigarettes in female rats was more significant than in male rats. The histopathological investigation revealed decreased glomerular space in e-cig male rats, increased tubular necrosis in e-cig, Interstitial infiltration in c-cig, and Hyperemia in c-cig in female rats were reported.Conclusion: Since E-cigarette smoke displayed overexpressed VEGF and down-expressed PTEN and P۵۳ expression than C-cigarette, it has a higher potential for kidney carcinogenesis.

Keywords:

Cigarette Smoke , tumor suppressor gene , Angiogenesis Pathway , Rat Kidney , Kidney Tumor