Mixed Effects of Input Enhancement, Explicit Instruction, Corrective Feedback, and Pushed Output in an Input-Output Mapping Practice
Publish place: Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics، Vol: 9، Issue: 1
Publish Year: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_RALS-9-1_003
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 17 اردیبهشت 1403
Abstract:
This investigation examined the mixed effects of visual input enhancement, explicit instruction, pushed output, and corrective feedback on noticing and intake of English conjunctive adverbs. Participants included ۸۳ intermediate EFL students enrolled in a grammar and writing course. They were assigned to a control group (n = ۲۲), explicit instruction + pushed output + explicit corrective feedback group (n = ۲۵), visual input enhancement + pushed output + implicit corrective feedback group (n = ۱۷), and visual input enhancement + enriched input group (n = ۱۹). Design was a pretest, immediate posttest, and delayed posttest type. To assess the participants’ intake of the targeted structures, ۳ tests were developed. One-way ANOVA and a series of post-hoc Scheffe tests were performed on the results. Taken together, the results indicated that all the combined procedures had both positive and lasting effects on the noticing and subsequent intake of the discourse markers (conjunctive adverbs) at issue. Results, further, revealed that the effects of the mixed procedures on the rate and durability of intake of the targeted forms was differential.
Keywords:
Form-focused instruction (FFI) , explicit instruction (EI) , visual input enhancement (VIE) , Pushed Output (PO) , Explicit Corrective Feedback (ECF) , implicit corrective feedback (ICF)
Authors
Gholam Kalanzadeh
Department of TEFL and English Literature, Payame Noor University, Iran
Manoochehr Jafarigohar
Department of TEFL and English Literature, Payame Noor University, Iran
Behzad Ghonsooly
Department of Applied Linguistics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Hassan Soleimani
۵Department of TEFL and English Literature, Payame Noor University, Iran
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