The Effect of Exercise on Glucoregulatory Hormones

Hormones are secreted in a circadian rhythm, but also follow larger-scaletimetables, such as monthly (hormones of the menstrual cycle), seasonal (i.e.,winter, summer), and, ultimately, lifespan-related patterns. Several contextsmodulate their secretion, such as genetics, lifestyle, environment, diet, andexercise. They play significant roles in human physiology, influencing growth ofmuscle, bone, and regulating metabolism. Exercise training alters hormonesecretion, depending on the frequency, duration, intensity, and mode of trainingwhich has an impact on the magnitude of the secretion. However, there remainsambiguity over the effects of exercise training on certain hormones such asglucoregulatory hormones in aging adults. With advancing age, there are manyalterations with the endocrine system, which may ultimately alter humanphysiology. Some recent studies have reported an anti-aging effect of exercisetraining on the endocrine system and especially cortisol, growth hormone andinsulin.

Keywords:

glucose , insulin , cortisol , growth hormone , physical activity