The Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Olive Leaf on Aluminum Phosphide-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats

The purpose of this study is to evaluate a treatment for aluminum phosphide (ALP) poisoning, which is known as “rice tablet”. Methods: In the present study, the impact of different doses of ethanolic extract of olive leaves (۱۰۰, ۲۰۰, and ۴۰۰ mg/kg) on ALP (۱۲۰ mg/kg)-induced cardiotoxicity was evaluated in anesthetized-gastrotomized adult male Wistar rats. Thirty-five rats were randomly assigned into five groups (n=۷) as follows: control (AC) and treatment groups [ALP+Olea۱۰۰ (AO۱۰۰), ALP+Olea ۲۰۰ (AO۲۰۰), and ALP+Olea ۴۰۰ (AO۴۰۰)]. Physiological data including blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiogram (ECG), as well as oxidative stress markers were measured in heart tissues. Results: ALP-intoxication led to perturbed normal ECG and increased oxidative stress. Administration of olive leaf extract at various concentrations, however, mitigated bradycardia after ۹۰ minutes, following ALP-intoxication (in AO۲۰۰), hypotension (in AO۱۰۰), and cardiac conduction disturbances (decreased QTC in the AO۲۰۰ ۳۰ (P<۰.۰۵), ۶۰ (P<۰.۰۰۱), and ۹۰ (P<۰.۰۵) minutes after intoxication)   and decreased PR ۶۰ (P<۰.۰۵) and ۹۰ minutes (P<۰.۰۱) after intoxication. This was compared with baseline as well as detrimental changes in cardiac electrophysiology [mitigated ST-segment elevation  in AO۲۰۰  and depressed T-wave in the AO۲۰۰ (P<۰.۰۵) and  AO۴۰۰ (P<۰.۰۱)  groups ۹۰ minutes after intoxication] Conclusion: Based on these authentic results, it seems that olive leaf extracts can be useful in reducing the severity of symptoms in ALP-poisoned individuals and could be utilized in a poisoning emergency.

Keywords:

Aluminum Compounds , Cardiotoxicity , Electrocardiography , Gastric lavage , Oxidative stress , Pesticides