A Review of the Integration of CRISPR and Artificial Intelligence, a New Approach to Genome Editing

With the remarkable progress of technology, especially artificial intelligence, we are witnessing its widespread application in various sciences and industries. One of these applications is in the field of genetic editing using a tool called Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR). CRISPR is an efficient, cost-effective, and flexible method that was initially extracted from the immune system of bacteria. This tool has quickly become one of the pillars of biotechnology. CRISPR has great potential in engineering products to resist diseases, treat genetic disorders, cancer, and correct genetic defects. Guide RNA (sgRNA) is a key element in determining the efficiency and process of genome cutting and editing. However, the efficacy of a particular sgRNA is not solely defined by the exact sequence homology to the target site; therefore, off-target sites may also be cut. The use of CRISPR brings challenges such as off-target effects and unintended consequences of off-target site cutting, such as unwanted mutations, genomic instability, and the possibility of developing cancer. In the meantime, artificial intelligence, as a transformative and applied force, is playing a new role in genetic modification. In this article, an overview of contemporary research and results in this field is presented, emphasizing the integration of artificial intelligence and gene editing. It also shows how artificial intelligence improves accuracy and, at the same time, offers new possibilities in the fields of disease diagnosis, drug discovery, cancer diagnosis, and other fields.

A Review of the Integration of CRISPR and Artificial Intelligence, a New Approach to Genome Editing Keywords:

CRISPR , artificial intelligence , genome editing , CRISPR-Cas9