The ecological disturbance effects on Tamarisk Tamarix spp. forest of Masileh, Qom, Iran

The geographical and morphological properties in Qom province is very different so there is a various climatical and ecological and vegetation’s condition in this areas. In this research, primarily the results of some studied projects in the various fields of forests and natural resources were collected, surveyed and checked by touring in the forest areas. Twenty- eight species of forest trees and shrubs were identified that belong to thirteen families. The forest area in Qom province is 13100 ha that 11100 ha of them is Tamarisk covered. The Masileh forest with 6150 ha in north and eastern north of Qom city near Hoze-Soltan Lake has critical condition. For study on Masileh forest area used the plots with 1600 M2 and measuring and evaluating the quality and quantity parameters such as trees density , high and diameter , canopy , seed and regeneration , vitality and freshness of trees. The results of this project indicated in this area Tamarisk density were in a good condition with 1.7 meter of mean high and 3.5 centimeter of mean diameter that often in coppice forms in a danger, vulnerable conditions in very cases.Flocks of sheep, goats and camels with grazing much more capacity, not only disturbed in the development and regeneration of pasture cover, but also damages trees stock. All this is done while the decline in groundwater levels due to an excess of water extraction wells are drilled and uncontrolled exploitation, and on the other hand reduce the volume of water entering the area due to large and small dams along the river's, Conditions for the development and even the survival of vegetation including tamarisk forests is more difficult every day. Login discontinued due to lack of water and soil leaching is more saline lands each year, so due to the excessive exploitation of ground water from wells and the water table has dropped sharply brackish groundwater will flow into freshwater aquifers. Accumulation of salts in the soil, plant growth can be stopped and destroy the advancing desert vegetation in the region. These are all factors that may threaten the ecological process of natural regeneration in this area so agriculture and natural resources, especially forest destruction have removed.

Keywords:

disturbances , ecological factors , hydrological regimes , Tamarix