Development of A Realistic Electric Vehicle Dynamic Model For Energy Management Purposes

The increasing demand for sustainable mobility highlights the need for accurate modeling and energy management strategies in electric vehicles (EVs). This study presents the development and validation of a comprehensive EV simulation platform in MATLAB/Simulink, integrating driver, motion control, and vehicle dynamics modules. The vehicle body, tires, transmission, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), auxiliary loads, and battery pack are represented with high-fidelity models, with parameters derived from technical specifications and field measurements. Unknown parameters, including rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag coefficients, were identified through coast-down and steady-state tests using CAN-based data acquisition. Real-world driving experiments were conducted on urban routes, and recorded vehicle speed profiles were employed as reference inputs for the driver model. Results demonstrate that the simulated vehicle speed trajectory closely tracks the reference profile, with errors remaining within ۴ km/h for most of the test duration. Furthermore, the simulated state of charge (SOC) profile exhibits strong agreement with experimental data, confirming the model's capability to estimate battery energy consumption under realistic driving conditions. The proposed framework reduces the gap between simulation and field performance, enabling reliable evaluation of energy management strategies for improved EV efficiency and range prediction.

Keywords:

Electric vehicle , Dynamic modeling , MATLAB/Simulink , Energy consumption estimation , CAN-based data acquisition , Battery state of charge , Energy management strategies