Prevalence of Atherosclerotic Plaques in Autopsy Cases with Noncardiac Death

Background and Objective: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) following atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiac deaths world wide. We aimed to investigate the pathologic features of atherosclerosis in non cardiac death cases to have an estimate of atherosclerosis prevalence inMashad (North east of Iran).Patients and Methods : This descriptive (cross sectional) study was done, during October 2007 – March 2008, on 80 cadavers from 11 to 50 years old who had died of non cardiac causes and had nohistory of cardiac disease. After autopsy in forensic medical center, coronary arteries were removedand examined for atherosclerotic plaques. In case of a definite lesion, microscopic slides were also prepared. Otherwise, three random slides from each branch of coronary arteries were studied by a pathologist. Results: We found that 73.1% of men and 61.5% of women had at least one fibrofatty or advancedplaque in major coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis in 41.8% of men and 30.8% of women was inadvanced form. Frequency of advanced atherosclerotic plaques progressed with age reaching a maximum of 78.5% by the age of 41-50 years. In addition, prevalence of plaques suddenly increasedafter second decade of life. Atherosclerotic plaques were most commonly found in left anteriordescending artery (60%) followed by right coronary (50%) and left circumflex (42.5%) arteries. Conclusion: This study showed an unexpectedly high prevalence of atherosclerosis in thispopulation. It highlights the importance of cardiovascular risk factor screening from early ages of third decade.

Keywords:

Heart , Autopsy , Atheroma , Iran