Optimal Decentralized Load-Frequency Control Using Genetic Algorithms in Two Area Power System

The load frequency control (LFC) problem has been a major subject in electrical power system design/operation and is becoming much more significant recently with increasing size, changing structure and complexity in interconnected power systems. In practice LFC systems use simple proportional-integral (PI) or integral (I) controllers. However, since the PI or I control parameters are usually tuned based on classical or trial-and-error approaches, they are incapable of obtaining good dynamic performance for various load changes scenarios in multi-area power system. For this problem, in this paper the PI and I control parameters are tuned based on genetic algorithms (GA) method for LFC control in two-area power system. Because GA is an optimization method, therefore, in the uncertainty area of controller parameters, will find the best parameters for controller, and obtained controller is an optimal controller. A two-area power system example is given to illustrate proposed methods. To show effectiveness of proposed method, and compare the performance of optimized PI and I type controllers, several time domain simulation for various load changes scenarios are presented. Simulation results emphasis on the better performance of optimized PI controller in compared to optimized I controller in LFC.