Is there a Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Self- Efficacy of the Elderly

Background: With the growing number of elders, improving the quality of their life has been of great importance. One of the factors affecting the quality of life is self-efficacy. On the other hand, spiritual intelligence is one of the known aspects of intelligence that some studies have shown its relationship with self-efficacy, but it has not been investigated so far. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy in the elderly.Materials and methods: In this study, self-efficacy questionnaire Schwarz and David King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire was used in 2016 in Arak Metropolis. So that the researchers interviewed with each of elderly people who were present in public places and eligible to participate in the study and filled out the questionnaires. After collecting the data, the results were analyzed by software spss 16.The Results: Results showed that the average self-efficacy and Spiritual Intelligence of the elderly are 68/52% ± 7/27% and 78/38% ± 19/58%, respectively. ANOVA and T test results revealed that self-efficacy is associated with some demographic variables such as sex, marital status, education, lifestyle, occupation, education and going to the mosque. Spiritual intelligence as well is related to physical health and income. Pearson correlation test showed that the self-efficacy score of the elderly is associated with their spiritual intelligence (P = 0.000).Conclusion: According to the results, which indicates the relationship between self-efficacy and spiritual intelligence of the elderly, and the fact that self-efficacy plays a major role in improving the quality of their life spiritual intelligence of the elderly should have been improved especially before getting old.

Keywords:

Spiritual intelligence , Self-efficacy , the elderly , Ageing , Quality of life