Correlation of G22A adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene polymorphism in woman with polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age . PCOS has attracted much attention during the last decade because of its worldwide prevalence and associated clinical complications. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) regulates concentration of adenosine as main modulator of oocyte maturation. There are compelling evidences for the association of ADA1 gene polymorphisms with many diseases but the importance of ADA1 polymorphisms in PCOS has not been studied before. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of different genotypes of G22A polymorphism and enzymatic activity of total adenosine deaminase as well as its isoenzyms, ADA1 and ADA2, were determined in both groups.Methods: In this case-control study, 200 PCOS patients and 200 healthy women were enrolled. The prevalence of G22A genotypes were determined using PCR RFLP technique and the activity of adenosine deaminase was measured by Giusti and Galanti colorimetric method.Result: Prevalence of GG, AA, and GA genotypes did not differ significantly between PCOS and control subjects, however, women with PCOS showed remarkably reduced activities of total adenosine deaminase and its ADA1 and ADA2 isoenzymes compared with health women.Conclusion: The present study showed that total ADA activity as well as ADA1 and ADA2 activities declined in PCOS patients. Moreover, GA genotype showed lower ADA activity than GG genotype. Therefore, it can be concluded that G22A polymorphism may play an important role in the development and progression of PCOS by altering ADA activity.

Keywords:

Alleles , Genotypes , Polycystic ovary syndrome , Single nucleotide polymorphism , Adenosine deaminase