Nutritional Status of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Iran: A Narrative Review

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition thataffects many aspects of patient’s life with adverse outcomes of kidney failure,cardiovascular disease (CVD), and premature death. Malnutrition is a relativelycommon problem in these patients that may be the result of inadequate intake,increased catabolism, or loss of nutrients in the dialysis. The aim of this studywas to review the nutritional status and requirements of CKD patients in Iranusing previous studies. Methods: Search engines including PubMed, Scopus,Embase, Science Direct, Google scholar, Magiran, and scientific informationdatabase (SID) were applied with keywords such as chronic kidney disease,malnutrition, renal disease, end stage renal disease, nutritional deficiency,malnutrition, quality of life, vitamin deficiency, wasting, and Iran to find relatedarticles published up to 2016. Results: The persistence of malnutrition increasessusceptibility to infectious and cardiovascular diseases, delays wound healing,and finally increases morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: Considering theimportance of nutritional status in patients with chronic kidney disease, it isnecessary to design and development of more effective strategies to optimizenutritional status of these patients.

Keywords:

Chronic kidney diseases , Renal disease , Chronic renal insufficiency , Malnutrition , Nutritional deficiency