Background and Objective Nephrectomy could be done due to insufficiency of renal function from various diseases such as congenital renal abnormalities, hydronephrosis, nephrolithiasis or neoplastic involvement of renal parenchyma. Radiological investigations are necessary to differentiation benign lesions from neoplastic ones. Although in some cases radiological findings could be not specify for definitively diagnosis of lesions. The goal of this study is evaluation of clinicopathological characteristics of
nephrectomy specimens to found any specific characteristics of radiological findings with its pathology. Material and Methods In this descriptive retrograde study, all medical records of
nephrectomy specimens which referred to
pathology ward of shahid sadoughi general hospital from 2001-2012 were reviewed. The variables such as, age, gender,
radiology findings,
pathology reports, size of lesion, location of the lesion were collected from the patient’s hospital folders. Gathered data were included in the questionnaire and then data were analyzed by using SPSS software version 17. Statistical significance level was defined as P value <0.05. Findings Among 87
nephrectomy cases during the period of study, 30 were benign (poly cystic kidney 10.3%, pyelonephritis 6.9%, dysplastic kidney 4.6%, hydronephrosis 3.4%, renal abscess 3.5%and other diseases 5.7%, respectively. and 57 cases were malignant (Wilm’s tumour26.4%, renal cell carcinoma 24% and other malignancies 13.8%, respectively). The male / female ratio was 1.02.1. Meaningful correlation was obtained between pathologic findings and clinical signs such as flank pain and flank mass, PV<0.05. Meaningful correlation was obtained between radiological findings (number and size of masses) and
pathology of the lesions, PV<0.05 Conclusions Similar to other studies, the most malignant tumour under 18 years was Wilms
tumor and in adult renal cell carcinoma. Radiological characteristics such as
tumor size and number could help to differentiation benign lesions from malignant ones.