RESPONSE OF METABOLIC PARAMETERS TO ARTICHOKE LEAF EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION IN WOMEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME REGARDING THE TCF7L2 RS7903146 AND FTO RS9939609 POLYMORPHISMS

Background and Aim: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multicomponent condition with complex aetiology involving genetic and environmental factors. The rs7903146 variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and the rs9939609 variant of fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) genes have been associated with the increased risk of MetS. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of artichoke leaf extract (ALE) supplementation on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in women with metabolic syndrome, with nutrigenetics approach. Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 50 women (aged 20-50 years) with MetS were randomly allocated into two groups: ALE group (received 1800 mg hydroalcoholic extract of artichoke as four tablets per day) and placebo group (received placebo consisted of corn starch, lactose and avicel as four tablets per day) for 12 weeks. Biochemical parameters and anthropometric indices were determined before and after the intervention. Moreover, the participants were genotyped for FTO-rs9939609 and TCF7L2-rs7903146 polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP. Patients were premenopausal women (mean age 38 years) with allele frequency of 0.397 for A allele of FTO-rs9939609 and 0.438 for C allele of TCF7L2-rs7903146 polymorphisms. In carriers of A allele of FTO-rs9939609, ALE supplementation resulted in a statistically significant decrease in serum TG level compared to placebo (-19.11% vs. 10.83%; p < 0.05), with no other significant differences in anthropometric and metabolic parameters between groups. Moreover, TCF7L2-rs7903146 polymorphism showed no interaction with response to ALE (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that ALE supplementation may improve serum TG level in A allele genotype of FTO-rs9939609 polymorphism in women with MetS.

Keywords:

Metabolic syndrome , Artichoke Leaf Extract , FTO , TCF7L2 , Nutrigenetics