Marginalization and urban appearance (case study of Urmia city)Marginalization in relation to face of the city

Marginalization started several years ago by increasing population and consequently migration and now by transfer of cultures, non-standard construction continues and those who cannot afford a shelter within the legal borders of cities have no other choice than going to margins and every day their number is increasing. The most significant symbol of marginalization is undesirable urban appearance. Marginalization has negative effect on urban appearance and disturbs every affective factor of city appearance ntroduced by Kevin Lynch. Marginalization has different aspects whose effects on urban appearance can be observed in the physical dimensions of the city. In addition, based on different types of worn out quarters, marginalized quarters are considered as a type of worn out quarter. Worn out and inefficient quarters, which comprise a significant area of Urmia city, have not only created many physical, performance, traffic, and environmental problems for thecitizens, but also have significantly changed the appearance of Urmia city in the last 2 years; but marginalization has not yet let the appearance of the city to be changed