HN-00560029_Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Physical Inactivity Increase The Risk of Breast Cancer among Iranian Women: A Case-control Study on 1010 Pre-menopause Women

Introduction: Diet and physical inactivity are introduced as major risk factors for several types of cancers. However, the impact of diet and physical inactivity on the risk of breast cancer (BC) is understudied and the limited findings are controversial.Methods: This case-control study was performed from November 2014 and March 2016 on 1010 young women aged 20 to 55 years’ old who were newly diagnosed with BC. Data was obtained via a validated questionnaire and the global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ2). Also, patients’ medical and histopathology reports were reviewed.Results: The results of multiple logistic regression suggested that, compared to healthy controls, women with older marital age, history of BC, family history of BC, smoking, and being passive smoker were at a higher risk of BC. Also, eating red meat (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 8-10 portion/week (p/w) vs. 1-2 p/w 1.15, 95%Confidence interval (CI): 1.04_1.28), eating fish (aOR 8-10 p/w vs. 1-2 p/w 1.55, 95%CI: 1.12_2.76), less fruit consumption (aOR 1-4 p/w vs. 8-10 p/w 1.96, 95%CI: 1.07_3.82), pickles consumption (aOR 8-10 p/w vs. 6-8 p/w 1.46, 95%CI: 1.31_1.70) and intensity of physical activity (aOR light vs. vigorous 1.68, 95%CI= 1.47_1.98) were directly associated with the risk of BC.Conclusion: Our study supported the hypothesis that dietary habits and physical inactivity are risk factors of BC. We found that a healthy diet containing low fat and high fruits and vegetables with regular exercise are effective ways to reduce the risk of BC among young women.

Keywords:

Breast Cancer , Diet , Physical activity , Lifestyle , Young women , Risk factor , Epidemiology