تعیین نیاز سرمایی سه رقم تجاری پسته (اکبری، اوحدی و کله قوچی)

In order to determine the chilling requirement of three commercial pistachio cultivars, (pistacia vera L.) including kaleh ghoochi (early blooming), Owhadi (mid blooming) and Akbari (late blooming) this research was carried out in two separate sections (in greenhouse and in filed) in Iran Pistachio Research Institute (IPRI), in 2001, 2002 and 2003. In this research, blooming of bearing buds on cut branches from each bearing cultivar were compared to various chilling periods (200, 400, 600, 800, 1000,1200, 1400, 1600 hours) and the effect of winter chilling on chilling requirement in bearing buds was evaluated. The data was analyzed in the form of two testing factorial designs, connecting two factors and randomized complete block and one factor randomized complete block in both levels cultivar and amount of chilling. The results showed a significant difference between cultivars from the chilling requirement point of view which is because of genetic variation in different cultivars. Due to direct effect of chilling amount during blooming period from the very entering time of the buds to the greenhouse section called Chilling Requirement Index (CRI) was suggested that seem to examining the chilling effects more accurately. Chilling requirements in kaleh ghoochi, Owhadi and Akbari cultivars were estimate 600,800 and 1200 hours respectively. However chilling more than the above mentioned amount was found effective on reducing of the time of bud booming.

Keywords:

پسته اکبری , پسته اوحدی , پسته کله قوچی , نیاز سرمایی , سرمادهی , شرایط گلخانه ای , شرایط مزرعه