Filtration and ultrafiltration equipment and techniques

The spectrum of filtration separations runs from the millimeter scale (beach sand and atomic number 6 particles) using coarse filters, to the angstrom scale (metal ions and gas molecules) using reverse osmosis or gas separation membranes. Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are increasinglybeing applied in water treatment and reuse processes because they supply effective removal of microorganisms, suspended solids, and high mass compounds. However, membrane fouling necessitates backwashing and periodic chemical cleaning and, as a result, causes a rise within theamount of energy and overall cost for operation. Urging this entry, we'll discuss the principles, materials, and devices accustomed accomplish ultrafiltration on the laboratory scale.

Keywords:

filtration , membrane , ultrafiltration