Health Effects of Aflatoxin M۱ in Milk and Milk Products and Novel Methods to Control of Aflatoxin M۱: A Review

Milk and milk products are rich sources of vitamins, proteins and calcium that are vital to the human body. Aflatoxin M۱ (AFM۱) or milk toxin is a hydroxilated metabolite of aflatoxin B۱ from a contaminated feed. The presence of this toxin in milk has caused serious concern among nutritionists. Consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated milk (AFM۱) may lead to serious health problems in humans. AFM۱ causes various cancers such as liver cancer, damage to the nervous system and adverse effects on DNA, as well as mutagenicity and teratogenicity. In reducing the amount of aflatoxin in the product, choosing a treatment method that is effective but does not affect the organoleptic quality of milk is of particular importance. Absorption and restructuring methods such as yeast, lactic acid bacteria, enzymes, peroxide, ozone, UV light and cold plasma have been used for this purpose. In this study, they have been studied on aflatoxin M۱ and toxicology besides reducing method for aflatoxin M۱.

Keywords:

Aflatoxin M۱ , Contamination , Milk , Toxicity , Reducing , Absorption , Restructuring