Assessment of eight march passes of Isfahan city by planning approach & urban passive defense

Introduction: Nowadays, planning and management of human crisis is one of the most important issues in cities and metropolitans ba sed on the passive defense approach. High population in cities and their gathering in special days increase the probability of occurrence of human crises such as bomb explosion in march passes, armed robberies, urban riots and attacks on important organizations and institutes. Isfahan is one of the most important cities of Iran and there is great gatherings of people in special days each year in 8 march passes (such as Qods day, 22nd of Bahman). The occurrence of any sudden incident in these passes can cause financial losses and casualties. It seems that all march passes need to review and assess in order to decrease vulnerability with trend of passive defenses in Isfahan. Methods: In this field study, the eight march passes of Isfahan city were studied. After field study of urban land-uses and GIS maps drawing of their spatial distribution; the vulnerability rate is calculated ba sed on leveling formula; and finally strategies have been proposed using the SWOT strategic model. Findings: According to the results, the eight and then fifth and sixth passes have the most vulnerability and first, second, third, fourth and seventh passes are vulnerable up to a point. First pass has the most institutions and centers responsible for crisis management which their efficiency reduces in the time of crisis. Among all land uses in this field study; banks, financial institutions, commercial and business centers are the most vulnerable that need special care during crisis. Conclusion: In order to reduce vulnerability to potential crises; the first and sixth march passes generally and then four routes of these eight march pass should be changed. Also, the best strategies to reduce crises in march passes are to install CCTV cameras in the routes; to cooperate between organizations in planning; to implement and manage of rallies; to widen narrow streets; to schedule time and enhance crisis management organizations.

Assessment of eight march passes of Isfahan city by planning approach & urban passive defense Keywords:

passive defense , human crisis , march pass , vulnerability , پدافند غیرعامل , بحران های انسانی , مسیرهای راهپیمایی , آسیب پذیری.