Application of deep eutectic solvent (DES) and ionic liquids in biomass preproccessing and proccessing

Nowadays, due to excessive use of petroleum and environmental pollution, replacing renewableresources with non-renewable resources has become important. Biomass is an extensive energysource that can be converted into different types of valuable materials. In general, biomassincludes the remains of plant products, wood and forest waste and urban solid waste.Lignocellulosic biomass consists of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and there are differentmethods for converting biomass into valuable products. Using solvent for processing and preprocessing of biomass is one of the most common methods of extracting cellulose,hemicellulose, and lignin. In the past years, inorganic and environmentally incompatiblesolvents were used, but today two types of green solvents named ionic liquids and deep eutecticsolvents (DES) have been introduced as green alternative to these solvents. In this study, thepossibility of using these two types of green solvents for the processing and pre-processing ofbiomass and the applications of these two solvents have been reviewed. Additionally, theapplications of DEEP in biodiesel production have been investigated.

Keywords:

Biomass , Ligno-cellulose , lignin , cellulose , Hemi-cellulose , biodiesel , solvent , Deep eutecticsolvent , liquid ionic