Nano technology

Nanotechnology or nanotechnology is a field of applied knowledge and technology that covers a wide range of subjects. Its main topic is the containment of matter or devices with dimensions less than one micrometer, usually around 1 to 100 nanometers. In fact, nanotechnology is the understanding and application of new properties of materials and systems in these dimensions that show new physical effects - mainly influenced by the dominance of quantum properties over classical properties.

Nanotechnology is the process of manipulating materials on an atomic scale and producing materials and tools by controlling them at the level of atoms and molecules. In fact, if all materials and systems arrange their underlying structure at the nano scale. Then all the reactions take place faster and more optimally and sustainable development is carried out. Among the many achievements of this technology is its use in the production, transmission, consumption and storage of energy with high efficiency, which creates a tremendous transformation in this field. Many great achievements have been achieved in the field of nanotechnology, but many experts consider this technology to be a future-oriented technology; This means that progress and development have no boundaries and in the distant future we will see bigger and bigger achievements in smaller and smaller dimensions.

Some of the applications of nano include:

Sunscreens, clothes, glue, car paint, tennis balls, computers, nano antennas and...

One of the important features of nanomaterials is the increase in the surface area of the material and quantum effects. These factors create special properties in materials that affect mechanical resistance, reactions and special electrical characteristics in nanomaterials. When the size of nanomaterials decreases, more atoms are placed on the surface of the material, and as a result, smaller nanomaterials have more surface area per unit mass than nanomaterials with larger particles.

This factor increases the contact surface of the nanomaterial with other elements and thus increases the reaction with them. Also, the small size of nanomaterials causes the reflection of radiant light on their surface to be different in a way that changes the color of nanometer scale materials compared to larger dimensions.

Nanotechnology can cause great advances in the field of medicine. Nanorobots can be sent into diseased arteries to remove blockages.

Various treatments and medicines for chronic diseases such as cancer, brain tumor and other cases have severe side effects on patients. To overcome this problem, nanoparticles are used, with the help of which the medicine targets only the infected cells instead of targeting the whole body.

With the help of nanotechnology, surgeries can be performed much faster and more precisely. Damage can be repaired cell by cell. It is even possible to cure genetic diseases by modifying damaged genes. Nanotechnology can also be used to improve drug production and increase efficacy and reduce side effects of drugs. Also, a wide range of nanomaterials are used to increase the efficiency of imaging devices.