Investigating Some Factors Relevant to Diet Observance in Hemodialysis Patients Based on Health Belief Model in 2014-Qom, Iran

Background & Aims of the Study: Diet observance plays a crucial role in improvement oflife quality for hemodialysis patients. The present survey aims at determining the factorsrelevant to diet observance in hemodialysis patients admitted in hemodialysis centers inQom in 2014.Materials and Methods: Through this descriptive survey, the sample population, whichincluded 60 qualified hemodialysis patients admitted in four hemodialysis centers in Qom,was given a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of demographic information such asage, gender, marital status, education, the hospital, and duration of disease. Thequestionnaire also included 19 yes/ no questions determining the hemodialysis patients’awareness about diet, and 31 questions as awareness evaluation in terms of health-beliefmodel based diet in Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by sixfaculty members, and through Cronbach’s Alpha, their coefficient of consistency showed81%, correlation coefficient was 0.81, and slight standard deviation was reported.Results: The data was analyzed through Cronbach’s Alpha, Pearson correlationcoefficient, ANOVA, T test, and 31st version of SPSS software. The results indicated thatthere was a meaningful and indirect relationship between age and factors such as structuresof perceived susceptibility (r= -0.169), and perceived severity (r= -0.193), self efficacy (r= -0.206), and also between duration of disease and factors such as structures of perceivedsusceptibility (r= -0.166), perceived severity (r= -0.108), and finally, self efficacy (r= -0.188). However, there is a significant and direct relationship between age and some factorssuch as perceived barriers (r= 0.208), and between duration of disease and awareness(r=0.117), and perceived barriers (r= 0.266).Conclusion: Among the results of this study, it is noticeable that the older the patientsbecome, the more their awareness about the dialysis diet must increase; while, as thepatients grow older and their duration of disease lasts longer, some of their model structuressuch as severity, susceptibility and efficacy which relate to their dialysis diet, do decline.

Keywords:

DietHemodialysisHealth Belief ModelQom