A Review on Use of EEG to Diagnose and identify characteristics of children with ADHD

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents and usually occurs in childhood. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ۵th edition (DSM-۵), it is defined as a neurodevelopmental disorder whose core symptoms are inattention and hyperactivity– impulsivity. According to a recent systematic review, the global prevalence of ADHD is ۲–۷%, with an average of about ۵%.۳ About ۶۰% of patients diagnosed with ADHD in childhood continue to have ADHD symptoms into adulthood. In addition to the core symptoms presented in the DSM-۵, symptoms such as deficits in executive function and emotional dysregulation negatively affect patients socially, occupationally, in academic performance. Attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a pathological condition that is not fully understood. In this review, we see electroencephalographic (EEG) power differences between children with ADHD and healthy control children. Electroencephalography (EEG) has, historically, played a focal role in the assessment of neural function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We review here the most recent developments in the utility of EEG in the diagnosis of ADHD, with emphasis on the most commonly used and emerging EEG metrics and their reliability in diagnostic classification.

Keywords:

EEG , Children , ADHD