1 & C modernization in power plants

The modernization of power plant 1 & C systems is an essential part of any life extension program. The paper deals with the reasons for 1 & C modernization and the benefits of modern distributed control systems. The boundary conditions which have to be taken into account and the main steps of modernization projects are described. Special emphasis is put on the detailed clarification of interfaces to ensure a project execution on schedule. Finally an example of a modernization project is given.