Urban Spatial Structure design of coastal cities in order to reduce undesirable effects of climate changes (the case study: Fereidunkenar)

Climate change is one of the most important environmental challenges in the world. Nowadays urban unsustainable activities have enhanced the Earth‟s „natural greenhouse effect‟ and have led to some critical situations in environment, specially the increase in the earth temperature. It is predicted that, with global warming, global average sea levels may rise by between 7 and 36 cm by the 2050s (Roaf, et.al, 2005). As amount of the world's population are living in the coastal areas, it is essential to plan for coastal cities in order to reduce the undesirable effects of climate changes. The northern coastal corridor of Iran, which has allocated 20% of whole population, has a key role in the reduction of climate changes effects. Urban spatial structure as the base of spatial development determines the energy use and CO2 emission of a city, since it determines the physical space form of the city and deeply affects the modes of socio-economic activities. Sustainable design of Urban Spatial structure with the orientation of climate adaptation is effective in the reduction of greenhouse gasses emission. Fereidunkenr is a coastal city beside Caspian Sea. The result of this article shows that principles of sustainable spatial structure in Fereidunkenr are unsustainable and it would lead to the increase in CO2 emission and finally would have undesirable effects in the coastal region of Iran. This article aims to design the sustainable spatial pattern for Fereidunkenr that is compatible with climate and would reduce unsuitable effects of climate changes

Keywords:

urban spatial structure , climate change , coastal corridors , urban sustainability indicators